Urology is the branch of medicine that focuses on the surgical and clinical diseases of the male and female urinary tract and also the male reproductive organs. Urologists are trained to diagnose and treat patients with urological problems. The organs most commonly affected are the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra, testes, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate and penis.

The activities of a modern urologist must include men´s health in general, which is a neglected and often overlooked area of medicine. By visiting their urologist regularly, men can have their health checked thoroughly and thus avoid several problems. Such consultations also give the doctor the opportunity to diagnose and treat many diseases, such as prostate cancer.

From a surgical point of view, Urology has evolved a lot in recent years, adopting cutting edge technology which reduces the impact of treatment. Laparoscopic and robotic assisted surgery, for example, allow access to the organs through small incisions. Endourology, another important field of Urology, includes the surgical procedures which can be performed from within the urological organs, most of the time without skin incisions. Considered together, these breakthroughs compose the so called Minimally Invasive Urology, which enable quick recovery after surgical procedures.